November 5th 2023. Thirty-first Sunday of Ordinary Time
GOSPEL: Matthew 23, 1-12
Translated from a homily by Don Fabio Rosini, broadcast on Vatican Radio
Don Fabio’s reflection follows the Gospel reading ...
GOSPEL: Matthew 23, 1-12
Jesus spoke to the crowds and to his disciples, saying,
"The scribes and the Pharisees
have taken their seat on the chair of Moses.
Therefore, do and observe all things whatsoever they tell you,
but do not follow their example.
For they preach but they do not practice.
They tie up heavy burdens hard to carry
and lay them on people's shoulders,
but they will not lift a finger to move them.
All their works are performed to be seen.
They widen their phylacteries and lengthen their tassels.
They love places of honour at banquets, seats of honour in synagogues,
greetings in marketplaces, and the salutation 'Rabbi.'
As for you, do not be called 'Rabbi.'
You have but one teacher, and you are all brothers.
Call no one on earth your father;
you have but one Father in heaven.
Do not be called 'Master';
you have but one master, the Christ.
The greatest among you must be your servant.
Whoever exalts himself will be humbled;
but whoever humbles himself will be exalted."
The Gospel of the Lord: Praise to you Lord Jesus Christ
Kieran’s summary . . . This Gospel sets before us the image of the Pharisee, a person who knows how to talk piously but who does not know how to act. Reflection on this figure challenges us to make a distinction that is of fundamental importance in life: we often understand the right thing to do; we can express it well in words; but the fundamental thing is to do it. "They talk but they do not act" - this is the terrible condemnation from the Gospel that can be justly applied to many of us. To summarize Don Fabio’s homily, let us reflect on the answers we would give to the following questions:
1. Who benefits from our pious talk: the Lord, or ourselves?
2. What brings true happiness: the praise of others, or acts of love and service?
3. What is of greater value: a single act of love, or an entire convention on theology?
4. Are we asked to choose the tree of knowing/talking, or the tree of living/doing?
5. Was redemption won for us by words, or by a concrete act on the part of Christ?
We do not need to look too far to discern what act of obedience we are asked to accomplish in any given moment. The Lord constantly reveals to all of us our next opportunity for doing, obeying, loving, serving; for going beyond the little cubicle we live in. Do such acts make our lives difficult or dull? No, on the contrary, they bring fulfilment and happiness. Such acts of obedience represent the firm ground upon which we can stand securely amid the swamps of our existence.
The Pharisee as an example of one who knows how to talk but does not act
This Gospel sets before us the paradoxical image of the Pharisee, a person who knows how to talk piously but who does not know how to act. Reflection on this figure challenges us to make a distinction that is of fundamental importance in life: we often understand the right thing to do; we can express it well in words; but the fundamental thing is to do it. "They talk but they do not act" - this is the terrible condemnation from the Gospel that can be justly applied to many of us.
Who benefits from our pious talk, the Lord or ourselves?
At the end of the passage we are confronted with the issue of who the real master is when it comes to spiritual matters. Real teachers always have something to learn; are always capable of being surprised; and are always in danger of being shaken from their own certainties and awoken to things that are more authentic. If, instead, a person lives for the admiration of others; covets the most privileged places at public functions; loves being greeted in public with honourable titles; then his real master is not God but his own status. He has lost his grip on what is essential in life. He may be able to speak about love, but is not able to love; he can wax eloquently about the importance of service, but he may have never served anyone in his life.
Acts of love and service bring true happiness, whilst the praise of others is of little use
It is commonplace to seek honour and admiration from others. But does it bring one jot of real happiness? The Pharisee knows how to speak well and gain the admiration of others, but the fact that he does not know how to act means that his life is an empty and unfulfilled one. What does it count in life if a person is given tributes and honour that are empty? What use is the attention of others and praise for achievements that are not authentic? It is no use at all! One might think that a life dedicated to service is a life of drudgery, but in reality it is a far more beautiful and fulfilling life. If we think of it, we will realise that every time we have sought to obey God we have been happy. Every time we have tried in the slightest way to follow the Gospel we have experienced healing, grace, and peace that cannot be obtained by mere words.
A single act of love is of more value than an entire convention on theology!
The inspiration of this Gospel should lead us to make a definite change of direction in life. It should encourage us to stop talking and start acting. A single act of love towards God or neighbour is of more value than an entire theological conference. Of this there can be no shadow of doubt. To seek to obey God and to be faithful to his word is of much greater value than anything we might do of a theoretical sort. Real life is made up of concrete things. Love itself is not an idea but an act. Service is not an abstract thing but a concrete attitude, an exercise of the noblest characteristics of our being. To seek admiration for our pious words, whilst failing to act, is to waste time on one of the most useless exercises of our existence.
Redemption was won for us by an act on the part of Christ, not by words
The desire to understand whilst refusing to act is an ancient contradiction that goes back to the beginning of man. In the Garden of Eden there were two trees, the tree of understanding, and the tree of living. Man was destined for the tree of living/doing, but instead he chose the tree of understanding/calculating/pondering, and in this way he lost the tree of living. In order to bring healing to a person, it is of little use explaining things that may be genuinely beautiful in themselves. In the end, it is concrete action on the part of another that brings healing to a person's being. That which heals all of us is not a discourse, but an act. Christ, after many acts of teaching, finally submits himself in obedience to the Father. Our redemption was accomplished by a concrete act, not mere words that may have been wonderful in themselves.
Acts of obedience to the Lord bring meaning and stability to our lives
We do not need to look too far to discern what act of obedience we are asked to accomplish in any given moment. The Lord constantly reveals to all of us our next opportunity for doing, obeying, loving, serving; for going beyond the little cubicle we live in. Do such acts make our lives difficult or dull? No, on the contrary, they bring fulfilment and happiness. Such acts of obedience represent the firm ground upon which we can stand securely amid the swamps of our existence.
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